History/ background of holography:

Holographic technology is growing and getting updated very rapidly. Now in modern era there exist the completely advanced techniques of creating digital holograms which gives absolutely real and moving image of the object.

Initially the theory of holography was invented by the Hungarian physicist Dennis Gabor in 1948, but he was not able to execute the idea because of lack of required light source and sophistication to process the concept. Just after ten years both these problems were alleviated by the consequent invention of the laser technique. The first holographic recording of three dimensional object was created by Juris Upatnieks & Emmett Leith of USA and Yuri Denisyuk of Soviet Union in the early 1960s.

When the creation of effective holograms was executed then revolutionary importance of Gabor’s discovery was recognized and appreciated and in 1971 (after around twenty years of his discovery) he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.

At the early stages of holography, holograms were viewed and created by the intense “coherent” light but after the up gradation of technology it was viewed in ordinary white light also. These holograms used to be monochrome (i.e. one color) but just after few years, color holographs have also been invented and lots many colored images were created.

The major factor in the growth of holography is the availability of low cost, smaller lasers which attract the lower budget users. Security holograms are very difficult to forge as they are computer-generated from a master hologram which requires expensive, specialized and technologically advanced equipment.